馬太福音 23章13節 到 23章13節     上一筆  下一筆
 {Hypocrites} (hupokritai). This terrible word of Jesus
appears first from him in the Sermon on the Mount ( Mt 6:2,5,16  7:5 ), then in  15:7  and  22:18 . Here it appears "with terrific
iteration" (Bruce) save in the third of the seven woes
( 23:13,15,23,25,27,29 ). The verb in the active (hupokrin(935c))
meant to separate slowly or slightly subject to gradual inquiry.
Then the middle was to make answer, to take up a part on the
stage, to act a part. It was an easy step to mean to feign, to
pretend, to wear a masque, to act the hypocrite, to play a part.
This hardest word from the lips of Jesus falls on those who were
the religious leaders of the Jews (Scribes and Pharisees), who
had justified this thunderbolt of wrath by their conduct toward
Jesus and their treatment of things high and holy. The _Textus
Receptus has eight woes, adding verse  14  which the Revised
Version places in the margin (called verse  13  by Westcott and
Hort and rejected on the authority of Aleph B D as a manifest
gloss from  Mr 12:40  and  Lu 20:47 ). The MSS. that insert it
put it either before 13 or after 13. Plummer cites these seven
woes as another example of Matthew's fondness for the number
seven, more fancy than fact for Matthew's Gospel is not the
Apocalypse of John. These are all illustrations of Pharisaic
saying and not doing (Allen). {Ye shut the kingdom of heaven}
(kleiete t(886e) basileian t(936e) ouran(936e)). In  Lu 11:52  the lawyers
are accused of keeping the door to the house of knowledge locked
and with flinging away the keys so as to keep themselves and the
people in ignorance. These custodians of the kingdom by their
teaching obscured the way to life. It is a tragedy to think how
preachers and teachers of the kingdom of God may block the door
for those who try to enter in (	ous eiserchomenous, conative
present middle participle). {Against} (emprosthen). Literally,
before. These door-keepers of the kingdom slam it shut in men's
faces and they themselves are on the outside where they will
remain. They hide the key to keep others from going in.

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