{Manifest} (phanera). Opposed to "hidden" (krupta).
Ancient writers were fond of lists of vices and virtues. Cf.
Stalker's sermons on _The Seven Cardinal Virtues_ and _The Seven
Deadly Sins_. There are more than seven in this deadly list in
verses 19-21 . He makes the two lists in explanation of the
conflict in verse 17 to emphasize the command in verses 13f .
There are four groups in Paul's list of manifest vices: (I)
Sensual sins like fornication (porneia, prostitution,
harlotry), uncleanness (akatharsia, moral impurity),
lasciviousness (aselgeia, wantonness), sexual vice of all kinds
prevailed in heathenism. (2) Idolatry (eid(936c)atreia, worship of
idols) and witchcraft (pharmakeia from pharmakon, a drug, the
ministering of drugs), but the sorcerers monopolized the word for
a while in their magical arts and used it in connection with
idolatry. In N.T. only here and Re 18:23 . See Ac 19:19
perierga, curious arts. (3) Personal relations expressed by
eight words, all old words, sins of the spirit, like enmities
(exthrai, personal animosities), strife (eris, rivalry,
discord), jealousies (z(886c)os or z(886c)oi, MSS. vary, our very
word), wraths ( humoi, stirring emotions, then explosions),
factions (eritheiai, from erithos, day labourer for hire,
worker in wool, party spirit), divisions (dichostasiai, splits
in two, dicha and stasis), heresies (haireseis, the very
word, but really choosings from haireomai, preferences),
envyings (phthonoi, feelings of ill-will). Surely a lively
list. (4) {Drunkenness} (methai, old word and plural, drunken
excesses, in N.T. only here and Lu 21:34 Ro 13:13 ), revellings
(k(936d)oi, old word also for drinking parties like those in honour
of Bacchus, in N.T. only here and Ro 13:13 1Pe 4:3 ). {And such
like} (kai ta homoia toutois). And the things like these
(associative instrumental outois after homoia, like). It is
not meant to be exhaustive, but it is representative.
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