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 {While Apollos was at Corinth} (en t(9369) ton Apoll(9320)einai en
Korinth(9369)). Favourite idiom with Luke, en with the locative of
the articular infinitive and the accusative of general reference
( Lu 1:8  2:27 , etc.). {Having passed through the upper country}
(dielthonta ta an(9374)erika mer(885c)). Second aorist active participle
of dierchomai, accusative case agreeing with Paulon,
accusative of general reference with the infinitive elthein,
idiomatic construction with egeneto. The word for "upper"
(an(9374)erika) is a late form for an(9374)era ( Lu 14:10 ) and
occurs in Hippocrates and Galen. It refers to the highlands (cf.
Xenophon's _Anabasis_) and means that Paul did not travel the
usual Roman road west by Colossae and Laodicea in the Lycus
Valley, cities that he did not visit ( Col 2:1 ). Instead he took
the more direct road through the Cayster Valley to Ephesus. Codex
Bezae says here that Paul wanted to go back to Jerusalem, but
that the Holy Spirit bade him to go into Asia where he had been
forbidden to go in the second tour ( 16:6 ). Whether the upper
"parts" (mer(885c)) here points to North Galatia is still a point of
dispute among scholars. So he came again to Ephesus as he had
promised to do ( 18:21 ). The province of Asia included the
western part of Asia Minor. The Romans took this country B.C.
130. Finally the name was extended to the whole continent. It was
a jewel in the Roman empire along with Africa and was a
senatorial province. It was full of great cities like Ephesus,
Smyrna, Pergamum, Thyatira, Sardis, Philadelphia, Laodicea (the
seven churches of  Re 2  3 ), Colossae, Hierapolis, Apamea, to go
no further. Hellenism had full sway here. Ephesus was the capital
and chief city and was a richer and larger city than Corinth. It
was located at the entrance to the valley of the Maeander to the
east. Here was the power of Rome and the splendour of Greek
culture and the full tide of oriental superstition and magic. The
Temple of Artemis was one of the seven wonders of the world.
While in Ephesus some hold that Paul at this time wrote the
Epistle to the Galatians after his recent visit there, some that
he did it before his recent visit to Jerusalem. But it is still
possible that he wrote it from Corinth just before writing to
Rome, a point to discuss later. {Certain disciples} (	inas
math(8874)as). Who were they? Apollos had already gone to Corinth.
They show no connection with Priscilla and Aquila. Luke calls
them "disciples" or "learners" (math(8874)as) because they were
evidently sincere though crude and ignorant. There is no reason
at all for connecting these uninformed disciples of the Baptist
with Apollos. They were floating followers of the Baptist who
drifted into Ephesus and whom Paul found. Some of John's
disciples clung to him till his death ( Joh 3:22-25  Lu 7:19  Mt
14:12 ). Some of them left Palestine without the further
knowledge of Jesus that came after his death and some did not
even know that, as turned out to be the case with the group in
Ephesus.

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